The RIAS-2: A Faster, More Accurate Intelligence Test

When schools shut down in 2020 due to the pandemic, millions of children, parents, and teachers found their worlds upended. Without kids in school, school psychologists were unable to test students who had been referred for special education services. Initial evaluations and re-evaluations piled up. Students, many of whom needed academic accommodations and interventions, were unable to receive the help they needed.

"We paused [testing], like everyone else in the country," said Tina S. Nguyen, PhD, a school psychologist with Washington, D.C., public schools. "Initially, we thought it would be a few weeks. But eventually, we realized we couldn't just not do these assessments."

The scenario was similar for Tiombe Bisa Kendrick-Dunn, SSP, MS, NCSP, the district psychology chairperson for Miami-Dade County, Florida, public schools. "We did no evaluations at all between March and July [2020]," she said.

Both school districts began using the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales, Second Edition Remote (RIAS-2 Remote), which was published in July 2020.

Developed specifically to support school psychologists and clinicians who need to test students and clients from afar, the RIAS-2 Remote features minimally modified and digitally packaged components. It's administered using a videoconferencing platform, and a 2018 study showed equivalency with the paper-and-pencil version.

Nguyen had used the RIAS-2 prior to the pandemic, so, for her, "it was a no-brainer to continue to use it," she said. "We couldn't determine eligibility without the information. The RIAS-2 Remote allowed us to evaluate these kids. Otherwise, we would have had to table [the evaluations] or do them without all the components."

Norma Castillo, MEd, assistant director of special education for the Clint Independent School District in El Paso, Texas, also ordered the RIAS-2 Remote that summer. With a backlog of referrals to work through and new referrals coming in, she needed a trusted tool that her team could use to reach students and get them the services they needed.

"Without the RIAS-2 Remote, we would have waited [to test]," Castillo said. "I didn't feel comfortable using a test that wasn't meant to be used in any other way and have the diagnosticians write in their reports that they used a test the way it wasn't meant to be used. The nice thing about the RIAS-2 Remote is that you don't have to do that. It's RIAS-2 Remote. It was great."

A time-saving tool

The quick administration time for the RIAS-2 (less than 30 minutes for intelligence assessment) can help school psychologists reach more students in less time and work through their backlog of evaluations.

"I have so many assessments to do," Nguyen said. "It's easier for me to get through them with the RIAS-2 Remote. It's a time-saver."

Kendrick-Dunn said the RIAS-2 allows her to complete more evaluations per day. "I have used it more than I typically would for children who have been referred for the gifted program, specifically because of the time," she said. "Other tests can take 90 minutes to 2 hours. I can do the RIAS-2 in half that time."

"It's quick," agreed Rachael Donnelly, MA, AC, NCSP, a school psychologist with Anne Arundel County, Maryland, public schools. "There are other things I could be doing, like working directly with students or in consultation with teachers."

Fewer demands

In addition to being faster, the RIAS-2 also has fewer motor demands and language requirements, making it a more accurate test of intelligence. This was one of the authors' goals during development.

"It is not necessary to include motor-dependent tasks to assess intelligence accurately." said co-author Cecil R. Reynolds, PhD. "Intelligence tests should emphasize thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving."

"The RIAS-2 is just as good a measure of cognitive ability and overall full-scale IQ than any other test that maybe has a million manipulatives that may impede or impact the validity," Donnelly said. "It does a good job of measuring intelligence purely."

With straightforward administration and clear directions, school psychologists also find that the RIAS-2 is easier for students to understand, giving them confidence that results are valid.

"I never have any fears that a student's response is because they don't understand what I'm asking them," Nguyen said. "That is helpful. It's clear their score is their score because they [do or] don't know the answer, not because they didn't understand what to do.

"On other intelligence tests," she added, "[if] there's a subtest that the kids don't understand. They bomb completely. The examples confuse them. I'm grateful for the RIAS-2. It's simple, straightforward direction."

More than two years post-pandemic, most students are now back to in-person learning. However, school psychologists continue to be overwhelmed and understaffed—and an uptick in mental health and academic concerns means more referrals and more evaluations.

With a faster administration time, the RIAS-2 and RIAS-2 Remote can help them continue to work through their case loads quicker and meet the needs of all the children they serve.

"If the student for some reason is not able to come to school, it's okay because they can do a portion of the evaluation remotely now," Castillo said. "It's another piece of mind."

"I'm glad that we [will continue to] have the remote option," Kendrick-Dunn said, "so we can make the best clinical decision based on the needs of the child."

Learn more about remote assessment and using the RIAS-2 in one of our free PARtalks webinars available on the PAR Training Portal. Learn more about the development of RIAS-2 from coauthor Cecil R. Reynolds, PhD, in this video.