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Details
Purpose
Assesses ability to recognize visual symbols
Authors
Maryanne Wolf, EdD, and Martha Bridge Denckla, MD
Administration Formats
Additional Details
Assess an Individual's Ability to Recognize and Name Visual Symbols
Quick to administer and easy to score, the RAN/RAS tests assess children’s and adolescents’ ability to perceive a visual symbol and name it accurately and rapidly, effectively aiding in the identification of children who have reading disabilities.
An important component of any diagnostic assessment of oral and written language
- The tests consist of rapid automatized naming tests (i.e., letters, numbers, objects, colors) and two rapid alternating stimulus tests (i.e., two-set letters and numbers; three-set letters, numbers, and colors). The examinee is asked to accurately name each stimulus item as quickly as possible.
- Scores are based on the amount of time used to name all stimuli on each test.
Reliability and validity results support efficacy
- Test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from .84 to .92 for all age groups, with a test-retest interval of approximately 2 weeks. Interrater reliabilities indicate a high level of agreement between raters, with coefficients ranging from .98 to .99.
- Good evidence of validity, including content-description validity, criterion-prediction validity, and construct-identification validity, is provided.
