PPA Scale™

The PPA Scale Measures Early Literacy Skills and Allows Examiners to Track the Development of These Skills Over Time

• Assesses two important literacy skills: phonological awareness and print awareness. Items provide a narrow focus on phonological and print awareness skills without placing demands on other cognitive abilities (e.g., memory).
• Includes six tasks, performance on which can be evaluated for qualitative purposes: Rhyming, Print Knowledge, Initial Sound Matching, Final Sound Matching, Sound-Symbol, and Phonemic Awareness.
• Three parallel forms, each with an accompanying easel, allow examiners to identify areas needing improvement and easily track progress over time.
• Can be administered quickly and easily and uses a receptive, nonverbal, multiple-choice response format, making it ideal for assessing young children and those who have speech impairments or expressive language difficulties or are simply reticent.
• Standardized on a sample of 1,104 examinees stratified to match 2010 U.S. Census data. Analyses of validation samples show that the PPA Scale differentiates typical children from those with a learning disability, reading disorder, developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, or intellectual disability.
• A companion resource, Building Early Literacy Skills: Phonological and Print Awareness Activities, offers age-appropriate intervention strategies to improve all of the skills measured by the PPA Scale and build essential vocabulary and oral language skills.